Since 2020, the pace of natural gas trade between China and Russia has accelerated significantly. Particularly, the three energy documents signed this year directly increased the maximum pipeline natural gas (PNG) trade volume between the two countries to 106 billion cubic meters.
China and Russia signed three energy documents in September 2025, including increasing the annual gas transmission volume of China-Russia East-route Natural Gas Pipeline (Pipeline 1) to 44 billion cubic meters, expanding the China-Far East Gas Pipeline's capacity from 10 billion cubic meters to 12 billion cubic meters, and initiating the much-anticipated memorandum for Power of Siberia 2 Gas Pipeline.
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The reason for this lies in the fact that after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, especially since this year, Russia has completely cut off PNG supplies to Europe, leaving a vast amount of Russian natural gas resources in urgent need of markets. Redirecting these supplies to China has become the optimal solution, prompting Russia to actively promote PNG trade with China.
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