Powering aluminium PART 2: Aluminium faces a new energy reality

The energy industry attended ADIPEC 2025 with a familiar problem and left with a sharper one. Every major conversation in Abu Dhabi, whether on investment flows, upstream fuel security, grid volatility or the rapid buildout of digital energy systems, pointed to a structural shift already underway: the cost and carbon advantage of aluminium is no longer determined by the smelter, but by the energy system surrounding it.
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This is the unavoidable conclusion when the power consumption map from 2023–24 (Part 1 of this series) is layered against the messages coming out of ADIPEC. Smelters are now operating in an environment where energy is both their largest risk and their only meaningful decarbonisation lever.
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