The Australian Aluminium Council has renewed its call for the inclusion of bauxite, alumina and aluminium to Australia's Critical Minerals list, as a new report highlights growing risks to the sector.
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The report "Vulnerabilities & Opportunities in Australia's Upstream Aluminium Sectors" highlights the increasing risks to Australia's domestic upstream supply chain due to increased geopolitical risk combined with rising costs and prolonged regulatory approvals.
Adding these materials to the Critical Minerals list would not only support Australian industry and job creation but also send a clear signal to international trading partners that Australia is committed to safeguarding its vital role in the global supply of bauxite, alumina and aluminium required for the transition to a low-carbon world.
Australian Aluminium Council CEO Marghanita Johnson said, "The current inclusion of aluminium on Australia's Strategic Mineral List acknowledges the metal's importance in the transition to net zero but does not come with much-needed policy support".
"Instead, it is a 'watchlist' of minerals that would meet the criteria for being a Critical Mineral but are not currently considered vulnerable to disruption".
Johnson emphasised the need for immediate action to protect the aluminium industry and avoid the same fate as other critical minerals.
“We do not want aluminium to become the new nickel, which until early this year was also considered a Strategic Mineral. The Government’s decision to move it to the Critical Minerals list in February was too little too late,” she said.
"The industry has been vocal in urging the Australian Government to recognise the growing threats to our bauxite and alumina sectors,” Ms Johnson stated.
“In the past 18 months, three alumina refineries have been impaired, and one has been curtailed – we need the Government to act.”
The report highlighted the need for a streamlined regulatory process to unlock the potential of Australia's bauxite resources. While Indonesian refineries are set to expand alumina capacity by 6Mt over the next five years, Australia faces mounting challenges, including rising capital, labour, and energy costs, compounded by lengthy regulatory approvals.
Johnson added, “One of the greatest cost increases expected over the next five years will come from delays in environmental approvals, limiting access to bauxite for our alumina refineries. Indonesia can approve and build an integrated bauxite mine and alumina refinery faster than Australia can approve a bauxite mine.”
To address these issues, the Council urges the Australian Government to:
Vulnerabilities & Opportunities in Australia’s Upstream Aluminium Sectors is available here
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